PART II: KANT vs MILL - Act-Utilitarianism
Act-utilitarianism is the early and what might be called classical form of the position. In confronting a specific situation, one must choose to bring into existence the greatest amount of happiness (pleasure) for the greatest amount of people. One particular problem encountered with this type of the position is that A may choose either X or Y and bring into existence the same amount of pleasure over pain for the greatest number of people. But X may involve lying and Y may not. On Utilitarian grounds there would be no difference in choosing X over Y, and there seems to be something intuitively wrong with saying it makes no difference which one you choose.